P25 - Hypersensitivity/adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs – a case report

Case report A ten years old boy was admitted for pleural tuberculosis (negative cultures, positive quantiferon assay, and father under treatment for tuberculosis). On the tenth day of treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide he develloped an exuberant urticarial rash, facial oedema, fever, myalgias, oliguria and, later, conjunctival hyperemia. Laboratory results included low platelet count, hypoalbuminemia and hyponatremia. Gradual improvement occured after suspension of treatment. One month later, drugs were gradualy re-introduced (1 drug/week) but several reactions occurred: anaphylaxis 5 hours after rifampicin administration and generalized macular rash after pyrazinamide. Both drugs were suspended. Isoniazid caused an initial light generalized macular exanthema. Streptomycin, ethambutol and ciprofloxacin were introduced and well tolerated. In subsequent evaluation the child was asymptomatic, with normal analytic results and radiologic improvement. After 6 months of successful treatment, he was tested in detail for reactions to the implicated drugs.